Wednesday, October 29, 2014

Did Life on Earth Originate from Outer Space?

A couple of weeks ago, we learned about the origin of life on earth both through watching an educannon video and a video in class. We learned that the earth was formed 4.5 billion years ago and that the origin of life could be traced through molecular evidence, geological evidence, and chemistry evidence.
According geological evidence, life most likely began 3.5 - 3.8 billion years, traceable through absolute and relative dating. Chemically, Miller and Urey performed an experiment to simulate the conditions of early earth, adding early atmospheric gases and an electrical charge equivalent to lightning, forming amino acids. Molecular evidence shows that the tree of life branched from a universal common ancestor that most likely had DNA, RNA intermediates, proteins, ATP, a lipid membrane, and cell division since every other form of life uses these today.
The most currently accepted idea is that life came from non-life or chemistry in shallow pools of water with the elements H, O, C, and N. However, the earth melting repeatedly due to collisions with meteorites would have wiped out any form of life developing immediately. Therefore, some scientists are suggesting that some chunks of earth flew into space after collision, containing the newly formed primitive chemistry, which could have survived the trip into space and back home through the same meteorite landing back on earth.
This idea of life coming from earth into space, surviving in space, and coming back to earth in meteorites blew me away. I was dumb struck to think that life could survive in space. This lead me to think that if life could survive in space, could life on earth have originated in space entirely and come to earth only by chance that a meteorite with life land on earth?
I researched this topic further and found that scientists from Cornell University have found that some amino acids and sugars exist inside of meteorites using the Alma Observatory in Chile (O’Callaghan 2014). Not only that, but they also discovered the presence of carbon 27,000 light years away, suggesting the possibility that life came from outer space (O’Callaghan 2014). In addition, they found hints of the molecule isopropyl cyanide (a complex molecule common in life-essential molecules) in the form of emitted radio waves from a giant gas cloud near the center of the Milky Way (O’Callaghan 2014). This means that the building blocks of life may have originated somewhere else in space and could have been brought to earth via meteorites. Their research has me questioning that if life did originate from space (I’m not solidifying that this is how life rose about on earth) and come to earth in meteorites, what is to say that these meteorites did not carry life to other planets as well? Could the same basic organic chemistry that evolved into life as we know it today be present on other planets?






Work Cited:

O'Callaghan, J. (2014, September 29). Did life on Earth come from outer space?
Discovery of carbon 27,000 light-years away suggests building blocks came from
elsewhere in the Milky Way. Retrieved October 29, 2014.


2 comments:

  1. It is a very interesting topic. The origin of Earth has been questioned for such a long time, and this information from Cornell University could possibly bring light to another possible explanation. I think that it would be so interesting if other planets could support life. If meteorites could carry life to our planet, it is not wrong to say that they could possibly carry life to other planets. I found some further evidence to show that life was possibly brought to Earth by meteorites. It also blows my mind that life organic molecules could travel all that way to a planet! In 2011, a meteorite named Sutter’s Mill meteorite fell in California. Researchers believe that most meteors come from asteroids in between Mars and Jupiter. One researcher, Sandra Pizzarello, said that since the “origins of life are utterly unknown, the idea has its merits”(Choi, 2013). At first, I was confused about how scientists could look at the organic molecules. However, Pizzarello said that the organic molecules are able to be extracted with solvents. When the researchers attempted to dissolve the fragments in conditions similar to those of Earth (ex-hydrothermal vents) they found that there were many organic molecules in the meteorite(Choi, 2013). It is funny as at first they assumed that there were many less organic molecules! Yet, continuous research shows that life could arise from the organic molecules within meteorites.
    Thank you for bring this topic up, as I learned that there is a lot more evidence out there to support your original topic!

    Choi, C. (2013, September 9). California Meteorite Carried Rare Life Ingredient : DNews. Retrieved November 5, 2014

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  2. I was also very intrigued by the video we watched in class about the origin of life on Earth! I love reading different theories, no matter how crazy or far out they seem, because it's so interesting to think about what possibly could have cause the Earth to be what it is today. I remember in the video in class they mentioned the idea that life had already existed on Earth but was wiped out during a mass extinction and organic molecules were released into outer space and eventually made their way back to Earth, creating life again. I think that's so crazy to think that maybe the Earth was inhabited way before we think, and that maybe this is a cycle we are going through. The video also mentioned the theory that a meteor carried amino acids from life on another planet, suggesting that we actually share a common ancestor with organisms living somewhere out there in the universe. Again, this seems outlandish but there is strong evidence that supports it so it is completely possible!

    I was really curious to see what other theories there are out there regarding how life began on Earth so I read an article discussing 7 different theories of how life began. The first of course was the idea that Earth's atmosphere was plentiful of ammonia, water, hydrogen and methane and that constant lighting was able to create the first building blocks of life (Live Science, 2011). This theory is widely known because of the Urey Miller experiment that tried to mimic this. I thought I would share with you the theory I found the most interesting because it is similar to the theory you discussed in your post. So the theory is that billions of years ago the all of the Earth's oceans were covered in ice which preserved organic molecules that had impacted the Earth's surface through comets (Live Science, 2011). This was the only theory I hadn't heard of all the ones in the article so I thought it was really interesting! The 7 theories in the article I read are actually really cool, so here's the link if you want to check it out: http://www.livescience.com/13363-7-theories-origin-life.html.

    Citations
    Q, Charles. "7 Theories on the Origin of Life." LiveScience. TechMedia Network, 22 Mar. 2011. Web. 03 Nov. 2014. .

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